Extraction of a tooth occurs when any other treatment aimed at keeping the tooth in place is unpredictable or impossible. In this case the tooth is removed and ideally various alternatives are offered to replace it.
If the simple extraction of a tooth is impossible due to extensive damage, it is surgically removed.
Surgical extraction is also indicated in cases of occluded or semi-occluded wisdom teeth when they are causing problems or as a preventive measure to avoid problems in the future. But this does not mean that all wisdom teeth are surgically removed.